Ice wine riesling11/15/2023 It is believed that the first post-Roman ice wine was made in Franconia in 1794. Monument commemorating the first harvest of ice wine in Bingen in 1830 Wine from Chiomonte in the Val di Susa was popular in Roman times and this town still today produces one of Italy's few ice wines. In either case, the method seems later to have been forgotten. It cannot be completely ruled out that the descriptions refer to dried grape wines, a common style of wine in Roman times, where the raisin-like grapes were harvested late enough for the first frost to have fallen. Details as to the winemaking and description of these wines are unknown. The poet Martial recommended that grapes should be left on the vine until November or until they were stiff with frost. Pliny the Elder (AD 23 – 79) wrote that certain grape varieties were not harvested before the first frost had occurred. There are indications that frozen grapes were used to make wine in Roman times. Canada is the world's largest producer of ice wines, producing a greater volume of ice wine than all other countries combined, followed by Germany. Ice wine production is limited to that minority of the world's wine-growing regions where the necessary cold temperatures can be expected to be reached with some regularity. This results in relatively small amounts of ice wine being made worldwide, making ice wines generally expensive. The grapes for ice wine must only be harvested when they are frozen naturally and the temperature must be -8 C (20☏) or below when they are picked. Ice wine production is risky (the frost may not come at all before the grapes rot or are otherwise lost) and requires the availability of a large enough labour force to pick the whole crop within a few hours, at a moment's notice, on the first morning that is cold enough. Much ice wine is made from the grapes Riesling, Vidal, Cabernet Franc and Cabernet Sauvignon, but there is also ice wine made from Shiraz, Merlot, Sangiovese and others. This results in a very complex and sweet wine. When the grapes are free of Botrytis, they are said to come in "clean". This gives ice wine its characteristic refreshing sweetness balanced by high acidity. Only healthy grapes keep in good shape until the opportunity arises for an ice wine harvest, which in extreme cases can occur after the New Year, on a northern hemisphere calendar. Unlike the grapes from which other dessert wines are made, such as Sauternes, Tokaji, or Trockenbeerenauslese, ice wine grapes should not be affected by Botrytis cinerea or noble rot, at least not to any great degree. With ice wines, the freezing happens before the fermentation, not afterwards. The grapes' must is then pressed from the frozen grapes, resulting in a smaller amount of more concentrated, very sweet juice. The sugars and other dissolved solids do not freeze, but the water does, allowing for a more concentrated grape juice to develop. Ice wine (or icewine German: Eiswein) is a type of dessert wine produced from grapes that have been frozen while still on the vine. A type of dessert wine produced from grapes that have been frozen while still on the vine Grapevines in Luxembourg being grown for ice wine Ice wines produced from the Niagara College Teaching Winery
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